Species and subspecies |
Wild ancestor |
Date |
Location of origin |
Purpose |
Image |
Degree and type of domestication
|
Western honey bee (Apis mellifera)
|
Western honey bee (Apis mellifera)
|
4000 BC
|
Europe, Asia and Africa
|
honey, wax, pollination
|
File:Bee-apis.jpg
|
Domesticated
|
Addax (Addax nasomaculatus)
|
Addax (Addax nasomaculatus)
|
2500 BC
|
Egypt
|
meat, horns, leather, skin
|
File:Addax nasomaculatus closeup.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)
|
Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)
|
2000 BC
|
Indus Valley Civilization
|
working, plowing, transportation, mount, hunting, show, racing, fighting, execution, ceremonies, weddings
|
File:Asian Elephant and Baby.JPG
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Scimitar oryx (Oyrx dammah)
|
Scimitar oryx (Oyrx dammah)
|
2320-2150 BC
|
Egypt
|
meat, hides, religions, ceremonies, horns
|
File:Scimitar oryx1.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata)
|
Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata)
|
700–600 BC[18]
|
South America
|
meat, fat, feathers, eggs, show, pets
|
File:MuscovyDuck.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus)
|
Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus)
|
700–500 BC[18]
|
Chile, Mexico
|
dye
|
File:Dactylopius coccus (Barlovento) 04 ies.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)
|
Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)
|
500 BC
|
India
|
show, feathers, meat, landscaping, ornamental, pets, garden bird
|
File:Indian Peahens I IMG 9647.jpg
|
Held/tame in capticity
|
Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)
|
Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)
|
1850s
|
Australia
|
pets, show, talking bird
|
File:Melopsittacus undulatus -Zoo Atlanta-8a.jpg
|
Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger
|
Italian bee (Apis mellifera ligustica)
|
Italian bee (Apis mellifera ligustica)
|
1880s
|
Italy
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Honeybee-27527-1.jpg
|
easy to domesticate
|
Crimsonspotted Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi)
|
Crimsonspotted Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi)
|
1920s
|
Eastern Australia
|
pets, pest control
|
File:M duboulayi.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Long-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
|
Long-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
|
1930s
|
Andes
|
pets, fur, research
|
File:Chinchilla lanigera1.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Short-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla)
|
Short-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla)
|
1930s
|
Andes
|
fur
|
File:Chinchilla brevicaudata.jpg
|
Raised in Captivity
|
Water flea (Daphnia magna)
|
Water flea (Daphnia magna)
|
1930s
|
North America, Eurasia, Africa
|
research
|
File:Daphnia magna-female adult.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
|
Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
|
20th century
|
Australia
|
pets, show
|
File:Zebra finch arp.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Mopani worm (Gonimbrasia belina)
|
Mopani worm (Gonimbrasia belina)
|
1950s
|
Southern Africa
|
meat
|
File:Mopane Worm by Arne Larsen.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Common eland (Taurotragus oryx)
|
Common eland (Taurotragus oryx)
|
Unknown
|
Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya
|
meat, milk, leather, hides, horns
|
File:Common eland mara.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Diamond Dove (Geopelia cuneata)
|
Diamond Dove (Geopelia cuneata)
|
Unknown
|
Australia
|
pets
|
File:Geopelia cuneata03.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)
|
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)
|
1960s
|
United States
|
wool, meat, milk
|
File:Ovibos moschatus qtl3.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Corn snake (Pantherophis gutttatus)
|
Corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus)
|
1960s
|
United States
|
pets
|
File:Kornnatter.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna)
|
Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna)
|
date uncertain
|
Texas, New Mexico, Chihuahua
|
pets
|
File:Lampropeltis alterna.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Central Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
|
Central Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
|
1970s
|
Australia
|
pets
|
File:Bartagame fcm.jpg
|
slight physical changes
|
Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)
|
Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)
|
1980s
|
Australia
|
pets
|
File:Petaurus breviceps.jpg
|
Domesticated
|
Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii)
|
Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii)
|
date uncertain
|
India
|
fighting, pest control, pets
|
File:Herpestes edwardsii at Hyderaba.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
|
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
|
date uncertain
|
South America
|
meat, pelt, skin, pets
|
File:Capybara Hattiesburg Zoo (70909b-42) 2560x1600.jpg
|
|
Indian Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum)
|
Indian Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum)
|
date uncertain
|
India
|
pets
|
File:Indian Palm Squirrel Bangalore 2009.jpg
|
easy to tame
|
Lawson's Dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni)
|
Lawson's Dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni)
|
1980s
|
Australia
|
pets
|
File:Pogona henrylawsoni.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris)
|
Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris)
|
1980s
|
Europe
|
wax, pollination
|
File:Bumblebee October 2007-3a.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus)
|
Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus)
|
date uncertain
|
China
|
meat, ornamental, garden bird
|
File:Male Golden Pheasant DC.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Sika deer (Cervus nippon)
|
Sika deer (Cervus nippon)
|
Unknown
|
Japan, China
|
meat, antlers
|
File:Sikahjort.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata)
|
Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata)
|
Unknown
|
China
|
meat, fat, ornamental
|
File:Aix galericulata - Zürich - Hafen Riesbach 2011-01-14 15-58-32.JPG
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon)
|
Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon)
|
Unknown
|
Egypt
|
pest control, pets
|
File:Egyptian mongoose.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana)
|
Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana)
|
Unknown
|
South and Southeast Asia
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Asiatic-honey-bee.jpg
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Japanese Cormorant (Phalacrocorax capillatus)
|
Japanese Cormorant (Phalacrocorax capillatus)
|
960 AD
|
Japan
|
fishing
|
File:Umiu wing 20090823.JPG
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
|
Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
|
960 AD
|
China
|
fishing
|
File:Phalacrocorax carbo ja01.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)
|
Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)
|
1100–1900
|
Japan
|
meat, eggs, pets
|
File:3 Japanese quails less than 1 year old.JPG
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
|
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
|
1200–1500
|
Europe, Asia
|
meat
|
File:LakePowellCarp5437.jpg
|
Held/tame in capivity
|
House cricket (Acheta domestica)
|
House cricket (Acheta domestica)
|
12th century
|
Southwestern Asia, China, Japan
|
meat, food, fighting, pets
|
File:Acheta domestica male.png
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
American mink (Neovison vison)
|
American mink (Neovison vison)
|
19th century
|
North America
|
fur, pets, ratting
|
File:American mink geograph.co.uk 2083077.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
European mink (Mustela lutreola)
|
European mink (Mustela lutreola)
|
1800s
|
Europe
|
fur
|
File:Mink1.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
King Quail (Coturnix chinensis)
|
King Quail (Coturnix chinensis)
|
date uncertain
|
Asia, Australia
|
pets
|
File:Excalfactoria chinensis (aka).jpg
|
|
Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus)
|
Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus)
|
date uncertain
|
India, Pakistan
|
meat, pets, fighting
|
File:Grey Francolin RWD2.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
|
Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
|
Unknown
|
Barbados, Brazil, Guyana
|
pets
|
File:Guppy coppia gialla.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Lowland Paca (Cuniculus paca)
|
Lowland Paca (Cuniculus paca)
|
Unknown
|
Mexico, Argentina
|
meat, pets
|
File:Cuniculus paca.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Steppe Lemming (Lagurus lagurus)
|
Steppe Lemming (Lagurus lagururs)
|
Unknown
|
Steppes
|
pets
|
File:Lagurus lagurus.jpg
|
|
Degu (Octodon degus)
|
Degu (Octodon degus)
|
1990s
|
Chilean Andes
|
pets, research
|
File:Octodon degus -Heidelberg Zoo, Germany-8a.jpg
|
|
Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
|
Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
|
1990s
|
Mongolia
|
pets, research
|
File:Golden Agouti Male 4-1-05.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Crucian carp (Carassius carassius)
|
Crucian carp (Carassius carassius)
|
2000s
|
England, Russia
|
meat, pets
|
File:Carassius carassius Prague Vltava 2.jpg
|
|
European dark bee (Apis mellifera mellifera)
|
European dark bee (Apis mellifera mellifera)
|
modern times
|
Europe
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Abeille-bee-profil.JPG
|
Domesticated in captivity
|
Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica)
|
Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica)
|
Unknown
|
India
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Apiscerana.jpg
|
Held/tame in captivity
|
Carniolan honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica)
|
Carniolan honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica)
|
date uncertain
|
Slovenia
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Apis mellifera carnica worker hive entrance 3.jpg
|
easy to domesticate
|
Semi-domesticated Reindeer
|
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)
|
3000 BC
|
Asian subarctic.
|
meat, milk, transportation, working, draft, mount, hides, racing, leather, antlers
|
File:Caribou using antlers.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)
|
Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)
|
Unknown
|
India
|
working, ceremonies, weddings, religions, mount, transportation
|
File:IndianElephant.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
White Cockatoo (Cacatua alba)
|
White Cockatoo (Cacatua alba)
|
Tang Dynasty
|
China
|
pets, show
|
File:Cacatua alba -pet-8a.jpg
|
|
Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora)
|
Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora)
|
Ming Dynasty
|
China
|
pets
|
File:Buberel Unknown bird 3.jpg
|
Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Javas from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable
|
Fallow Deer (Dama dama)
|
Fallow Deer (Dama dama)
|
1000 BC
|
Mediterranean Basin
|
meat, hides, antlers
|
File:Fallow deer in field.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis)
|
European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis)
|
800 BC
|
Europe, Asia
|
bloodletting, surgery
|
File:Svømmende blodigle.JPG
|
|
Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri)
|
Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri)
|
Unknown
|
Africa, Asia
|
pets, talking bird
|
File:Rose-ringed Parakeet I IMG 9797.jpg
|
|
Roman Snail (Helix pomatia)
|
Roman Snail (Helix pomatia)
|
100 AD
|
Europe
|
meat
|
File:Helix pomatia 89a.jpg
|
|
Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii)
|
Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii)
|
180 AD
|
Mexico, Amazon Basin
|
honey, pollination
|
File:Irapuã - REFON .jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)
|
Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)
|
1000-1500
|
Europe
|
meat, landscaping, feathers, garden bird
|
File:CygneVaires.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Ostrich (Struthio camelus)
|
Ostrich (Struthio camelus)
|
19th century
|
Africa
|
meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil, mount, racing
|
File:Ostriches cape point cropped.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)
|
Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)
|
1870s
|
Australia
|
pets, show, talking bird
|
File:Nymphicus hollandicus -garden-8.jpg
|
|
Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
|
Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
|
1910s
|
Australia, South Africa
|
research, food
|
File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg
|
|
Yellow-collared Lovebird (Agapornis personatus)
|
Yellow-collared Lovebird (Agapornis personatus)
|
1920s
|
Tanzania
|
pets
|
File:Agapornis personatus -Serengeti, Tanzania-8.jpg
|
|
Fischer's Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri)
|
Fischer's Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri)
|
1920s
|
East-Central Africa
|
pets
|
File:Agapornis fischeri -Ueno Zoo, Japan -three-8a-4c.jpg
|
|
Turquoise Parrot (Neophema pulchella)
|
Turquoise Parrot (Neophema pulchella)
|
20th century
|
Australia
|
pets, show
|
File:Neophema pulchella -Rainbow Jungle -Australia-8a.jpg
|
|
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
|
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
|
1950s
|
South Africa
|
pets, research
|
File:Xenopus laevis 1.jpg
|
|
Sea-Monkey (Artemia salina x nyos)
|
Brine shrimp (Artemia salina)
|
1950s
|
Lake Urmia, Iran
|
pets
|
File:SeaMonkiesInAquarium.JPG
|
|
American bison (Bison bison)
|
American bison (Bison bison)
|
20th century
|
North America
|
meat, leather, hides
|
File:Tatanka.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Ball python (Python regius)
|
Ball python (Python regius)
|
1960s
|
Africa
|
pets
|
File:Ball python lucy.JPG
|
Captive bred
|
Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus)
|
Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus)
|
1980s
|
Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
|
pets
|
File:Eclectus roratus-20030511.jpg
|
|
Salmon-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis)
|
Salmon-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis)
|
1980s
|
Maluku Islands
|
pets, show, talking bird
|
File:Cacatua moluccensis - closeup of head.jpg
|
|
Greater Rhea (Rhea americana)
|
Greater Rhea (Rhea americana)
|
1990s
|
South America
|
meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil
|
File:Rhea side profile.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
|
Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
|
1990s
|
Australia
|
meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil
|
File:Emu-wild.jpg
|
Semidomesticated
|
Pale Gerbil (Gerbillus perpallidus)
|
Pale Gerbil (Gerbillus perpallidus)
|
Unknown
|
Egypt
|
pets
|
File:Perpallidus.jpg
|
|
Persian jird (Meriones persicus)
|
Persian jird (Meriones persicus)
|
Unknown
|
Iran
|
pets
|
File:Meriones persicus.jpg
|
|
Fat-tailed Gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi)
|
Fat-tailed Gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi)
|
Unknown
|
Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria
|
pets
|
File:Pachyuromys-duprasi PeterMaas.jpg
|
|
Green Iguana (Iguana iguana)
|
Green Iguana (Iguana iguana)
|
1990s
|
South America
|
pets, meat, leather
|
File:St Thomas Marriott Iguana 9 cropped.jpg
|
Captive bred
|
Black Spiny-tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis)
|
Black Spiny-tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis)
|
date uncertain
|
Central America
|
pets, meat
|
File:CtenosauraSimilis.jpg
|
Captive bred
|
Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius)
|
Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius)
|
20th century
|
Pakistan
|
pets
|
File:Male Leopard Gecko.JPG
|
slight physical modification
|
Green Tree Python (Morelia viridis)
|
Green Tree Python (Morelia viridis)
|
mid 1990s
|
New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia
|
pets
|
File:Morelia-viridis.jpg
|
Captive bred
|
Western Rosella (Platycercus icterotis)
|
Western Rosella (Platycercus icterotis)
|
Unknown
|
Southwest Australia
|
pets
|
File:Platycercus icterotis1.jpg
|
|
Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii)
|
Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii)
|
late 1990s
|
Australia
|
pets
|
File:Red tailed Black Cockatoo in flight.jpg
|
|
Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae)
|
Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae)
|
late 1990s
|
Australia
|
pets, show
|
File:Male adult Gouldian Finch.jpg
|
|
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
|
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
|
date uncertain
|
India, Sri Lanka
|
pets
|
File:Rostkatze Zoo Berlin.JPG
|
easy to domesticate
|
Star Finch (Neochmia ruficauda)
|
Star Finch (Neochmia ruficauda)
|
date uncertain
|
Australia
|
pets, show
|
File:Neochmia ruficauda (aka).jpg
|
|
Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus)
|
Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus)
|
date uncertain
|
Europe, Asia
|
pets, singing
|
File:Carduelis spinus male.jpg
|
|
Crested Gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus)
|
Crested Gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus)
|
Unknown
|
New Caledonia
|
pets
|
File:Gekkoninae Rhacodactylus ciliatus tete.png
|
Captive bred
|
Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus)
|
Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus)
|
Unknown
|
West Africa
|
pets
|
File:Cusimanse.jpg
|
Captive bred
|
Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii)
|
Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii)
|
Unknown
|
Thailand, Indonesia
|
meat, pets
|
File:Kissfish.jpg
|
Domesticated
|