Leiter International Performance Scale

Leiter International Performance Scale or simply Leiter is a intelligence test for children and adolescents, with norms ranging from 2 to 20 years. For all ages, it yields an intelligence quotinent (IQ) and a measure of logical ability.

Leiter devised an experimental edition of the test in 1929 to asses the intelligence of those with hearing or speech impairment and with non English speaking examinees. A remarkable feature of the Leiter is that it can be administered completely without the use of oral language, not even for instructions. Without any verbal subtests, Leiter only measures nonverbal intelligence. Because of the exclusion of language, it claims to be more accurate when testing children who for some reason have language deficits. This includes children with any of these features: Non native speaking, autism, traumatic brain injury, speech impairment, hearing problem.

The latest version of Leiter is called Leiter-R (Revised). It has an age range of 2 years to 20 years and 11 months. Not all subtests are administered to every child.

The Leiter contains 20 subtests organized into four domains:


 * Reasoning
 * Visualization
 * Memory
 * Attention

Subtests
The four Reasoning subtests are:
 * Classification
 * Sequential order
 * Repeated patterns
 * Design analogies

The six Visualization subtests are:
 * Matching
 * Figure-ground
 * Paper folding
 * Figure rotation
 * Picture context
 * Form completion

The eight Memory subtests are:
 * Memory span (Forward)
 * Memory span (Backward)
 * Immediate recognition
 * Delayed recognition
 * Associative memory
 * Associative delayed memory
 * Spatial memory
 * Visual coding

The two Attention subtests are:
 * Attention sustained (marking one kind of figures printed on a page with several different figures)
 * Attention divided (observing a display and simultaneously sorting cards correctly)

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