Daltonism

Daltonism is a somewhat imprecise term for color blindness.

In 1798 the English chemist John Dalton published the first scientific paper on the subject, "Extraordinary facts relating to the vision of colours", after the realization of his own color blindness. Because of this his name was given to the general idea, however as knowledge developed it became more associated with the one specific form from which he suffered deuteranopia.