Samadhi (Buddhism)

In Buddhism, samādhi (Pali; Skt.) is mental concentration.

In the Pali literature, samadhi is found in the following contexts:
 * In the Noble Eightfold Path, "right concentration" (samma-samadhi) is the eighth path factor.
 * Similarly, samadhi is the second part of the Buddha's threefold training: sila (conduct or virtue), samadhi or samatha (concentration), and pañña (wisdom).
 * In the development of the four jhanas, the second jhana is "born" from samadhi (samādhija).
 * According to the Visuddhimagga, samadhi is the "proximate cause" to the obtainment of wisdom.

Developing samadhi
In Buddhism, samadhi is traditionally developed by contemplating one of 40 different objects, such as mindfulness of breathing (anapanasati) and loving kindness (metta).

Upon development of samadhi, one's mind becomes purified of defilements, calm, tranquil, and luminous. Once the meditator achieves a strong and powerful concentration, his mind is ready to penetrate and see into the ultimate nature of reality, eventually obtaining release from all suffering.

In AN IV.41, the Buddha identifies four types of concentration development, each with a different goal:
 * 1) a pleasant abiding in this current life - achieved through concentrative development of the four jhanas
 * 2) knowledge and the divine eye - achieved by concentration on light
 * 3) mindfulness and clear comprehension - achieved through concentrative mindfulness of the rise and fall of feelings, perceptions and thoughts.
 * 4) the destruction of the taints - achieved through concentrative mindfulness of the rise and fall of the Five Aggregates.

The Buddhist suttas mention that samadhi practitioners may develop supernormal powers (abhijna, cf. siddhis), and list several that the Buddha developed, but warn that these should not be allowed to distract the practitioner from the larger goal of complete freedom from suffering.

Right concentration
In the Buddhist Noble Eightfold Path, the Buddha explains that "Right Concentration" (Pali: sammā-samādhi; Skt.: samyak-samādhi) involves attainment of the successively higher meditative states known as the four jhanas.