Lobeline

Lobeline is a natural alkaloid found in "Indian tobacco" (Lobelia inflata), "Devil's tobacco" (Lobelia tupa), "cardinal flower" (Lobelia cardinalis), "great lobelia" (Lobelia siphilitica), and Hippobroma longiflora. In its pure form it is a white amorphous powder which is freely soluble in water.

Lobeline has been used as a smoking cessation aid,  and may have application in the treatment of other drug addictions such as addiction to amphetamines , cocaine or alcohol. .

Lobeline has multiple mechanisms of action, acting as a VMAT2 ligand,  which stimulates dopamine release to a moderate extent when administered alone, but reduces the dopamine release caused by methamphetamine. It also inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and serotonin, and acts as a mixed agonist-antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and an antagonist at μ-opioid receptors.