Epistemic virtue

The epistemic virtues, as identified by virtue epistemologists, reflect their contention that belief is an ethical process, and thus susceptible to the intellectual virtue or vice of one's own life and personal experiences. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the question "How do we know?" Some epistemic virtues have been identified by W. Jay Wood, based on research into the medieval tradition. The list below substantially overlaps with his.


 * attentiveness
 * circumspection
 * coachability
 * creativity
 * curiosity
 * discernment
 * discretion
 * foresight
 * intellectual honesty
 * intellectual humility
 * imaginativeness
 * interpretive sensitivity
 * objectivity
 * perceptiveness (personality)
 * prudence/practical wisdom
 * studiousness
 * tenacity
 * truthfulness
 * understanding
 * warrant
 * wisdom

Note that in this context curiosity bears the modern connotation of inquisitiveness, in contrast to the medieval connotation of attraction to unwholesome things.

These can be contrasted to the epistemic vices such as:
 * closed-mindedness
 * curiosity [see below]
 * dogmatism
 * epistemic blindness
 * folly
 * gullibility
 * intellectual dishonesty
 * obtuseness
 * self-deception
 * superficiality of thought
 * superstition
 * willful naïveté
 * wishful thinking

Note that in this context curiosity bears the medieval connotation of attraction to unwholesome things, in contrast to the positive studious (or perhaps inquisitive).