Index of articles concerning thinking

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to thinking:

Thought (and thinking) – the mental process in which beings form psychological associations and models of the world. Thinking is manipulating information, as when we form concepts, engage in problem solving, reason and make decisions. A thought may be an idea, an image, a sound or even an emotional feeling that arises from the brain.

Essence of thinking

 * Main article: Thought


 * Brain
 * Cognition
 * Consciousness
 * Imagination
 * Intelligence
 * Mind
 * Perception
 * Reason
 * Reasoning

Types of thought

 * Awareness
 * Creative processes
 * Critical Thinking
 * Decision making
 * Erroneous thinking
 * Learning and Memory
 * Organizational thinking (thinking by organizations)
 * Reasoning

Properties of thought

 * Accuracy
 * Cogency
 * Dogma
 * Effectiveness
 * Efficacy
 * Efficiency
 * Frugality
 * Prudence
 * Pseudoskepticism
 * Right
 * Skepticism
 * Soundness
 * Validity
 * Value theory
 * Wrong

Fields of study

 * Philosophy
 * Logic
 * Philosophy of mind
 * Neuroscience
 * Cognitive science
 * Psychology
 * Cognitive psychology
 * Social psychology
 * Psychiatry
 * Mathematics
 * Operations research

History of thinking

 * Main articles: History of thought and History of reasoning


 * History of artificial intelligence
 * History of cognitive science
 * History of creativity
 * History of ideas
 * History of logic
 * History of psychometrics

Brain and brain biology

 * Action potential
 * Acetylcholine
 * Acetylcholinesterase
 * Aging and memory
 * Albert Einstein's brain
 * Brain
 * Central nervous system (CNS)
 * Dendrite
 * Dopamine
 * Glial cells
 * Human brain
 * Long-term potentiation
 * Nervous system
 * Neurite
 * Neuron
 * Neuroplasticity
 * Neuroscience
 * Neurotransmitter
 * Sensory neuroscience
 * Synapse
 * Synaptic plasticity

Intelligence

 * Cognition
 * Sapience
 * Experience
 * Knowledge
 * Wisdom
 * Strategy
 * Structure
 * System

Nootropics (Cognitive enhancers and smart drugs)

 * 5-HTP
 * Adrafinil (Olmifon)
 * Aniracetam
 * Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
 * Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi)
 * Caffeine
 * Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR)
 * Centrophenoxine
 * Choline
 * Cholinergics
 * Chromium
 * Coenzyme q-10
 * Coffee
 * Creatine
 * DMAE
 * Ergoloid mesylates (Hydergine)
 * Huperzine A
 * Idebenone
 * Inositol
 * L-dopa
 * Lecithin
 * Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis)
 * Lipoic acid
 * Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
 * Modafinil (Provigil)
 * Oxiracetam
 * Phenibut
 * Phenylalanine
 * Piracetam (Nootropil)
 * Pramiracetam
 * Pyritinol (Enerbol)
 * Rhodiola Rosea
 * Selegiline (Deprenyl)
 * Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
 * St John's Wort
 * Sutherlandia Frutescens
 * Tea
 * Theanine
 * Theophylline
 * Tryptophan
 * Tyrosine
 * Vasopressin
 * Vinpocetine
 * Nicotinic acid (vitamin B3)
 * Vitamin B5
 * Vitamin B6
 * Vitamin B12
 * Vitamin C
 * Yohimbe

Psychometrics (measuring intelligence and cognitive traits)

 * Intelligence quotient
 * Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
 * Personality tests
 * Scholastic Aptitude Test

Artificial thinking

 * Artificial creativity
 * Artificial intelligence
 * Computer program

Organizational thinking

 * Attribution theory
 * Communication
 * Concept testing
 * Evaporating Cloud
 * Fifth discipline
 * Groupthink
 * Group synergy
 * Ideas bank
 * Interpretation
 * Learning organization
 * Metaplan
 * Operations research
 * Organization development
 * Organizational communication
 * Organizational culture
 * Organizational ethics
 * Organizational learning
 * Rhetoric
 * Smart mob
 * Strategic planning
 * Systems thinking
 * Theory of Constraints
 * Think tank
 * Wisdom of crowds

Awareness and Perception

 * Attention
 * Cognition
 * Cognitive dissonance
 * Cognitive map
 * Concept
 * Concept map
 * Conceptual framework
 * Conceptual model
 * Consciousness
 * Domain knowledge
 * Heuristic
 * Information
 * Intelligence
 * Intuition
 * Knowledge
 * Memory suppression
 * Mental model
 * Metaknowledge (knowledge about knowledge)
 * Mind map
 * Model (abstract)
 * Option awareness
 * Percept
 * Perception
 * Self-awareness
 * Self-concept
 * Self-consciousness
 * Self-knowledge
 * Self-realization
 * Sentience
 * Situational awareness
 * Understanding

Creative processes

 * Brainstorming
 * Cognitive module
 * Creativity
 * Creative problem solving
 * Creative writing
 * Creativity techniques
 * Design thinking
 * Hypothesis
 * Idea
 * Image streaming
 * Imagination
 * Lateral thinking
 * Six Thinking Hats
 * Speech act
 * Stream of consciousness

Decision making

 * Choice
 * Cybernetics
 * Decision theory
 * Executive system
 * Goals and goal setting
 * Judgement
 * Planning
 * Rational choice theory
 * Speech act
 * Value (personal and cultural)
 * Value judgment

Emotional intelligence (Emotionally-based thinking)

 * Acting
 * Affect logic
 * Allophilia
 * Attitude (psychology)
 * Curiosity
 * Elaboration likelihood model
 * Emotions and feelings
 * Emotion and memory
 * Emotional contagion
 * Empathy
 * Epiphany
 * Mood
 * Motivation
 * Propositional attitude
 * Rhetoric
 * Self actualization
 * Self control
 * Self-esteem
 * Self-Determination Theory
 * Self motivation
 * Social cognition
 * Will
 * Volition (psychology)

Erroneous thinking

 * Black and white thinking
 * Catastrophization
 * Cognitive bias
 * Cognitive distortion
 * Error
 * Exaggeration
 * Fallacy
 * Fallacies of definition
 * List of fallacies
 * Logical fallacy
 * Minimisation
 * Mistake
 * Rationalization
 * Rhetoric
 * Straight and Crooked Thinking (book)
 * Target fixation

Learning and Memory

 * Autodidacticism
 * Biofeedback
 * Cognitive dissonance
 * Dual-coding theory
 * Eidetic memory (total recall)
 * Emotion and memory
 * Empiricism
 * Feedback
 * Feedback loop
 * Free association
 * Heuristics
 * Hyperthymesia
 * Hypnosis
 * Hypothesis
 * Imitation
 * Inquiry
 * Knowledge management
 * Language acquisition
 * Memory and aging
 * Memory inhibition
 * Memory-prediction framework
 * Method of loci
 * Mnemonics
 * Neurofeedback
 * Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP)
 * Observation
 * Pattern recognition
 * Question
 * Reading
 * Recall
 * Recognition
 * Recollection (recall)
 * Scientific method
 * Self-perception theory
 * Speed reading
 * Study Skills
 * Subvocalization
 * Transfer of learning
 * Transfer of training
 * Visual learning

Reason and reasoning

 * Abductive reasoning
 * Abstract thinking
 * Analogy
 * Analysis
 * Attitude
 * Calculation
 * Categorization
 * Cognition
 * Cognitive restructuring
 * Cognitive space
 * Cognitive style
 * Common sense
 * Concept
 * Conjecture
 * Concrete concepts
 * Critical thinking
 * Deductive reasoning
 * Definition
 * Estimation
 * Evaluation
 * Explanation
 * Gestalt psychology
 * Heuristics
 * Historical thinking
 * Hypothesis
 * Idea
 * Identification (information)
 * Inductive reasoning
 * Inference
 * Instinct
 * Intelligence
 * Intelligence amplification
 * Intentionality
 * Introspection
 * Knowledge management
 * Language
 * Lateral thinking
 * Linguistics
 * Logic
 * Logical argument
 * Logical assertion
 * Meaning (linguistics)
 * Meaning (non-linguistic)
 * Meaning (semiotics)
 * Mental calculation
 * Mental function
 * Metacognition (thinking about thinking)
 * Mind's eye
 * Mindset
 * Multiple intelligences
 * Multitasking
 * Pattern matching
 * Personality
 * Picture thinking
 * Prediction
 * Premise
 * Problem finding
 * Problem shaping
 * Problem solving
 * Process of elimination
 * Systems thinking
 * Critical systems thinking
 * Troubleshooting
 * Proposition
 * Rationality
 * Reason
 * Reasoning
 * Self-reflection
 * Sapience
 * Semantic network
 * Semantics
 * Semiosis
 * Semiotics
 * Six Thinking Hats
 * Speech act
 * Stream of consciousness
 * Syllogism
 * Synectics
 * Systems intelligence
 * Thinkabout
 * Thinking
 * Thought act
 * Thinking Maps
 * Thinking Processes
 * Thought experiment
 * TRIZ
 * Visual thinking
 * Working memory
 * Writing

Teaching methods and skills

 * Active learning
 * Classical conditioning
 * Discipline
 * Learning theory (education)
 * Mentoring
 * Operant conditioning
 * Problem-based learning
 * Punishment
 * Reinforcement

Organizations

 * Association for Informal Logic and Critical Thinking
 * High IQ society
 * Mega Society
 * Mensa
 * Mind Sports Organisation

Publications

 * Positive Thinking Magazine

Scholars of thinking

 * Aaron T. Beck
 * Edward de Bono
 * Tony Buzan
 * Noam Chomsky
 * Albert Ellis
 * Howard Gardner
 * Douglas Hofstadter
 * Marvin Minsky
 * Baruch Spinoza
 * Robert Sternberg