Donald S. Blough

{{ProfPsy} Donald S. Blough is Professor Emeritus and Research Professor at Brown University.

Main areas of interest
Visual processes in the pigeon, animal psychophysics.

Books

 * Blough, D. S., & Blough, P. M. (1964) Experiments in Psychology: Laboratory Studies of Animal Behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Book Chapters
Tektronix. Blough, D. S., & Millward, R. M. (1965) Learning: Operant conditioning and verbal learning. InAnnual Review of Psychology, Vol. 16, Palo Alto: Annual Reviews. Blough, D. S. (1966) The study of animal sensory processes by operant methods. In Honig (Ed.), Operant Behavior: Areas of Research and Application, New York: Appleton- Century-Crofts. Blough, D. S. (1991) Perceptual analysis in pigeon visual search. In G. Lockhead & J. Pomerantz (Eds), The Perception of Structure. (pp 213-226) Washington, DC: American Psychological Assn.
 * Blough, D. S. (1957) Effects of drugs on visually controlled behavior in pigeons. In S. Gartattiniand V. Ghetti (Eds.), Psychotropic Drugs. Amsterdam: Elsevier; New York: Van Nostrand
 * Schrier, A. M., & Blough, D. S. (1963) Psychophysical studies of vision in monkeys. In Proceedings of the Conference on Research with Primates Beaverton, Oregon:
 * Blough, D. S. (1965) Definition and measurement in generalization research. In D. Mostofsky (Ed.) Stimulus Generalization, Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
 * Blough, D. S., & Lipsitt, P. (1971) The discriminative control of behavior. In J. W. Kling and L.A. Riggs (Eds.), Experimental Psychology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Pp.743-792.
 * Blough, D. S., & Yager, D. (1972) Visual psychophysics in animals. In Jameson and Hurvich(Eds.), Visual Psychophysics, Vol. VII/4, Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
 * Blough, D. S., &Blough, P. M. (1977) Animal Psychophysics. In Honig (Ed.), Operant Behavior, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts
 * Blough, D. S. (1983) Alternative accounts of stimulus control. In Commons, Herrnstein, and Wagner (Eds.), Quantitative Analysis of Behavior, Vol. 4: Acquisition II. New York:Ballinger.
 * Blough, D. S. (1984) Form recognition in pigeons. In Roitblat, Bever, & Terrace (Eds.), Animal Cognition, New York: Columbia University Press.
 * Blough, D. S. (1985) Behavioral psychophysics. In Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (Sixth Edition). New York: McGraw Hill.
 * Blough, D. S. (1989) Form similarity and categorization in pigeon visual search. In Commons,M. L., Kosslyn, S. M. & Herrnstein, R. J. Quantitative Analyses of Behavior, VIII:Pattern Recognition and Concepts in Animals, People, and Machines, 129-143. Hillsdale,NJ: Erlbaum.
 * Blough, D. S. & Blough, P. M. (1990) Reaction time assessments of visual perception in pigeons.In M. Berkley & W. Stebbins (Eds), Comparative Perception, pp. 245-276. New York:Wiley.
 * Blough, D. S. (2001) The perception of similarity. In R. B. Cook (Ed) Avian Visual Cognition cyber-book at Full text

Papers
of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 91-104. approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 24, 1-15. reinforcement, and handling cost on visual search and prey choice. Animal Learning & Behavior, 26, 290-298. control in animals. Behavioural Processes, 54, 127-136.
 * Blough, D. S. Dark adaptation in the pigeon. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1954.
 * Ratliff, F., & Blough, D. S. Behavior studies of visual processes in the pigeon. USN, ONR,Technical Report, 1954
 * Blough, D. S. (1955) Method for tracing dark adaptation in the pigeon. Science, 121, 703-704.
 * Verplanck, W. C., & Blough, D. S. (1955) An apparatus for the presentation of visual stimuli at low intensities. Journal of General Psychology, 53, 67-77.
 * Blough, D. S. (1956) Dark adaptation in the pigeon. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 49, 425-430.
 * Blough, D. S. (1956) Technique for studying effects of drugs on discrimination in the pigeon. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 65, Art. 4, 334-344.
 * Blough, D. S. (1957) Some effects of drugs on visual discrimination in the pigeon. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 66, 733-739.
 * Blough, D. S. (1957) Spectral sensitivity in the pigeon. Journal of the Optical Society of America,47, 827-833.
 * Blough, D. S. (1957) Effect of lysergic acid diethylamide on absolute visual threshold of thepigeon. Science, 126, 304-305.
 * Verplanck, W. S., & Blough, D. S. (1958) Randomized stimuli and the non-independence of successive responses at the visual threshold. Journal of General Psychology, 59, 263-272.
 * Blough, D. S. (1958) A method for obtaining psychophysical thresholds from the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1, 31-43.
 * Blough, D. S. (1958) New test for tranquilizers. Science, 127, 586-587.
 * Blough, D. S. (1958) A rise in the pigeon's threshold with a red test stimulus during dark adaptation. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 48, 274.
 * Blough, D. S. (1959) Delayed matching in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2, 151-160.
 * Blough, D. S. (1959) Generalization and preference on a stimulus intensity continuum. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2, 307-317.
 * Blough, D. S. (1961) The shape of some wavelength generalization gradients, Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 4, 31-40.
 * Blough, D. S. (1961) Animal psychophysics. Scientific American, 205, 113-122.
 * Blough, D. S. (1961) Review of M. Sidman "Tactics of Scientific Research" Contemporary Psychology, 6 279-280
 * Blough, D. S., & Schrier, A. M. (1963) Scotopic spectral sensitivity in the monkey. Science, 139,493--494.
 * Blough, D. S. (1963) Interresponse time as a function of continuous variables: A new method and some data. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 6, 237-246.
 * Blough, D. S. (1966) The reinforcement of least-frequent interresponse times. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 581-591.
 * Schrier, A. M., & Blough, D. S. (1966) Photopic spectral sensitivity of macaque monkeys. [Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology]], 62, 457-458.
 * Blough, D. S. (1967) Stimulus generalization as a signal detection in pigeons. Science, 158, 940-941.
 * Blough, P.M., & Blough, D. S. (1968) The distribution of interresponse times in the pigeonduring variable-interval reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior,11, 23-27.
 * Blough, D. S. (1969) Attention shifts in a maintained discrimination. Science, 166, 125-126.
 * Blough, D. S. (1969) Generalization gradient shape and summation in steady-state tests. Journal
 * Blough, D. S. (1972) Recognition by the pigeon of stimuli varying in two dimensions. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 18, 345-367
 * Blough, D. S. (1972) New light on a Pavlovian idea: Review of R. A. Boakes & M. S. Halliday (Eds.) “Inhibition and Learning”. Science, 178, 295-296.
 * Blough, D. S. (1973) Two-way generalization peak shift after two-key training in the pigeon.Animal Learning and Behavior, 1, 171-174.
 * Zuckerman, D. C., & Blough, D. S. (1974) Conditional discrimination in the goldfish. Animal Learning and Behavior, 2, 215-217.
 * Blough, D. S. (1975) Steady-state data and a quantitative model of operant generalization and discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 104, 3-21.
 * Essock, S. M., & Blough, D. S. (1977) Effects of stimulus spacing on steady state gradients of inhibitory stimulus control. Animal Learning and Behavior, 5, 174-176.
 * Blough, D. S (1977) Visual search in the pigeon: Hunt and peck method. Science, 196, 1013-1014.
 * Blough, D. S. (1977) Photoelectric recording of pigeon-peck responses to computer driven visual displays. Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 9, 259-262.
 * Blough, D. S. (1978) Reaction times of pigeons on a wavelength discrimination task. Journal ofthe Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 30, 133-137
 * Blough, P. M., & Blough, D. S. (1978) The reaction-time/luminance relationship for pigeons tolights of different spectral compositions. Perception & Psychophysics, 23, 468-474.
 * Blough, D. S. (1979) Effects of the number and form of stimuli on visual search in the pigeon.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 5, 211-223.
 * Uhlrich, D. J., Blough, P. M., & Blough, D. S. (1982) The pigeon's distant visual acuity as a function of viewing angle. Vision Research, 23, 429-431.
 * Blough, D. S. (1982) Pigeon perception of letters of the alphabet. Science, 218, 397-398.
 * Todrin, D. C., & Blough, D. S. (1983) The discrimination of mirror-image forms by pigeons.Perception & Psychophysics, 34, 397-402.
 * Blough, D. S. (1985) Discrimination of letters and random dot patterns by pigeons and humans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 11, 261-280
 * Blough, P.M. & Blough, D. S. (1985) Sequential effects in dimensional contrast. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 44, 233-244
 * Blough, D. S. & Franklin, J. (1985) Pigeon discrimination of letters and other forms in texture displays. Perception & Psychophysics, 38, 523-532
 * Blough, D. S. (1986) Odd-item search by pigeons: Method, instrumentation, and uses. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 18, 413-419
 * Blough, D. S. (1987) Counterpoint. J. of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 48, 468-469.
 * Blough, D. S. (1988) Quantitative relations between visual search speed and target-distractor similarity. Perception & Psychophysics, 43, 57-71.
 * Blough, P. M. & Blough, D. S. (1989) Visual effects of opiates in pigeons: I. Target location in visual search. Psychopharmacology, 97, 80-84.
 * Blough, P. M. & Blough, D. S. (1989) Visual effects of opiates in pigeons: II. Contrast sensitivity to sinewave gratings. Psychopharmacology, 97, 85-88.
 * Blough, D. S. (1989) Odd-item search in pigeons: display size and transfer effects. J.Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 15, 14-22.
 * Blough, D. S. (1989) Contrast as seen in visual search reaction times. Journal of the ExperimentalAnalysis of Behavior, 52, 199-211.
 * Allan, S. E. & Blough, D. S. (1989) Feature-based search asymmetries in pigeons and humans.Perception and Psychophysics, 46, 456-464.
 * Fujita, K., Blough, D. S. & Blough, P. M. (1991) Pigeons see the Ponzo illusion. AnimalLearning & Behavior, 19, 283-293
 * Blough, D. S. (1992) Effects of stimulus frequency and reinforcement variables on reaction time.Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 57, 47-50
 * Blough, D. S. (1992) Features of forms in pigeon perception. In W. Honig & G. Fetterman (Eds.),(pp. 263-277) Cognitive Aspects of Stimulus Control. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
 * Fujita, K., Blough, D.S. & Blough, P.M. (1993). Effects of the inclination of context lines on perception of the Ponzo illusion by pigeons. Animal Learning & Behavior, 21, 29-34
 * Blough, D. S. (1993 a). Reaction time drifts identify objects of attention in pigeon visual search.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 19, 107-120.
 * Blough, D. S. (1993 b) Effects on search speed of the probability of target-distractorcombinations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 19, 231-243.
 * Blough, D. S. (1996) Error factors in pigeon discrimination and delayed matching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 22, 118-131
 * Blough, D. S. & Blough, P. M. (1997) Form perception and attention in pigeons. Animal Learning & Behavior, 25, 1-20.
 * Blough, D. S. (1998) Context reinforcement degrades discriminative control: A memory
 * Lacourse, D. M. & Blough, D. S. (1998) Effects of discriminability, probability of
 * Blough, D. S. (2000) Effects of priming, discriminability and reinforcement on reaction-time components in pigeon visual search. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 26, 50-63.
 * Blough, D. S. (2001) Some contributions of signal detection theory to the analysis of stimulus
 * Blough, D. S. (2002) Measuring the search image: Expectation, detection and recognition in pigeon visual search. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes,28, 397-405
 * Blough, D. S. (2004) Reaction time signatures of discriminative processes: Differential effectsof stimulus similarity and incentive. Learning & Behavior, 32, 157-172